Exam 36 · 第36回 · 認知症の理解 (Understanding Dementia)
Question 45 問45
認知機能障害による生活への影響に関する記述として，最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
- 遂行機能障害により，自宅がわからない。
- 記憶障害により，出された食事を食べない。
- 相貌失認により，目の前の家族がわからない。
- 視空間認知障害により，今日の日付がわからない。
- 病識低下により，うつ状態になりやすい。
Translation
Among the following, choose the 1 option that is the most appropriate description of how cognitive impairment affects daily life.
- Because of executive function disorder, the person does not recognize their own home.
- Because of memory disorder, the person does not eat the meal that is served.
- Because of prosopagnosia (face blindness), the person does not recognize a family member right in front of them.
- Because of visuospatial cognitive impairment, the person does not know today's date.
- Because of reduced awareness of illness, the person is prone to becoming depressed.
Show answer and explanation
Answer: 3
Why 3 is correct
Prosopagnosia is a disorder in which a person cannot tell who someone is even when looking at their face. Because of this, a person may not recognize a family member who is right in front of them.
Why 1 is wrong
Not recognizing one's own home is disorientation to place. Executive function disorder is being unable to plan and carry out things in the right order — for example, no longer being able to work out the steps of cooking.
Why 2 is wrong
Not eating a meal that has been served can happen because of agnosia — not recognizing that it is food. With memory disorder, what typically happens instead is forgetting that one has already eaten, and trying to eat again and again.
Why 4 is wrong
Not knowing today's date is disorientation to time. Visuospatial cognitive impairment is being unable to grasp the position or distance of objects — for example, being unable to put an arm through a sleeve, or getting lost on a familiar route.
Why 5 is wrong
Reduced awareness of illness is being unable to recognize that one is ill. Because a person cannot recognize this, they are actually less likely to become depressed — becoming depressed is more common in the early stage, when awareness of the illness is still present.
Key point
Prosopagnosia (相貌失認) means not knowing who someone is even when you see the face.
Key terms
- 遂行機能障害
- Being unable to make a plan and carry it out in the right order.
- 相貌失認
- Being unable to tell who someone is, even when looking at their face.
- 視空間認知障害
- Being unable to grasp the position, distance, and shape relationships of objects.
- 病識低下
- A weakening of the awareness that one is ill.
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Exams 36–38, all 13 subjects, with furigana and an English explanation of every choice. The subject 「認知症の理解」 is free.